What Is Orthopaedic Trauma?

The word trauma refers to an injury that is caused by some external force.

Orthopaedic Trauma is a term for various orthopaedic conditions which are developed due to chronic or traumatic injuries and require immediate medical help. An orthopaedic trauma injury is a result of a severe fall, a serious accident, or even a violent attack. Doctors offer surgical and non-surgical orthopaedic services for repairing fractures and other trauma injuries. The main aim of the surgery is to avoid any further damage to the affected area which is possible if the problem is left untreated.

What Are The Indicators For Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery?

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Knee Replacement

Your knee is a hinge joint where the end of the thigh bone (femur) meets the beginning of the large bone in your lower leg (tibia).

A healthy knee has smooth cartilage that covers the ends of the femur and tibia. The smooth cartilage lets the surfaces of the two bones glide smoothly as you bend your knee. The muscles and ligaments around the knee joint support your weight and help move the joint smoothly so you can walk without pain.

The smooth cartilage layers can wear down on the ends of the femur and tibia. When the smooth surfaces become rough, the surfaces are like sandpaper. Instead of the joint gliding when you move your leg, the bones grind and you have pain and / or stiffness. This degeneration can happen due to variety of reasons such as the following:

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Tinea

Tinea is a contagious fungal skin infection. The most commonly affected areas include the feet, groin, scalp and beneath the breasts.

Tinea can be spread by skin-to-skin contact or indirectly through towels, clothes or floors. Tinea is also known as ringworm, which is a misleading name as no worm is involved. All fungi need warm, moist environments and tinea is no exception. This is why the hottest, most sweat-prone areas of the body are the most likely areas for a tinea infection to occur.

Types of tinea

Tinea infections are known by specific names, depending on the part of the body that is affected. The most common types of tinea include:

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Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder, which means a skin condition that doesn’t go away.

People with psoriasis have thick, pink or red patches of skin covered with white or silvery scales. The thick, scaly patches are called plaques. Psoriasis usually starts in early adulthood, though it can begin later in life. People of any age, gender or race can get psoriasis. It can get better and worse throughout your life. What part of the body does psoriasis affect? The rash can show up anywhere. In most people, it covers only a few patches of skin. In severe cases, the plaques connect and cover a large area of the body. Psoriasis can make you uncomfortable, itchy and self-conscious. Psoriasis tends to affect the:

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Atopic Dermatitis

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin condition characterized by patches of dry, inflamed, and itchy skin. The exact cause of AD isn’t well understood. One factor may be an overproduction of cells in your immune system that promote inflammation. AD often starts in childhood and tends to flare up periodically. During flare-ups, people with AD often scratch the affected area. This scratching can lead to more skin inflammation and make symptoms worse. Currently, there’s no cure for AD. Treatment involves avoiding triggers, making lifestyle changes, and taking medications to ease symptoms. Keep reading to learn more about AD, including what it looks like, causes, treatments, and potential complications.

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Who gets impetigo?

Impetigo usually happens to children between ages 2 and 6. Older children and adults can also get it.

You may also be at higher risk if you:

•   Live in a tropical climate, with hot, humid summers and mild winters.
•  Have a scabies infection.
•  Do activities or sports where cuts and scrapes are common.
•  Live in close contact or crowded situations. Infections often happen to people living in the same house or children in day care.

How does someone get impetigo?
When you get a cut, bite or scratch that opens the skin, bacteria can enter and cause an impetigo infection.

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Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a chronic (long-lasting) disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color.

This happens when melanocytes – skin cells that make pigment – are attacked and destroyed, causing the skin to turn a milky-white color.
There are two types of vitiligo:

•   Nonsegmental or generalized vitiligo is the most common type. It happens when the white patches appear symmetrically on both sides of your body, such as on both hands or both knees. This type of vitiligo can have rapid loss of color or pigment and tends to cover a large area.
•  Segmental vitiligo is much less common and happens when the white patches are only on one segment or side of your body, such as a leg, one side of the face, or arm. This type of vitiligo often begins at an early age and progresses for about 1 to 2 years and then usually stops.

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